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Cecil John Hackett (25 April 1905 in Norwood, South Australia - 8 April 1995 in England) was an Australian doctor, anthropologist and medical researcher. His research covered Indigenous communities in Central Australia in the 1920s and 1930s. From the 1950s he worked for the World Health Organization (WHO) and became a world expert on yaws and other tropical diseases in Africa and South East Asia.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.ms-ms9580 )〕 ==Biography== Hackett went to school at St Peter's College and Queen's School in Adelaide. He then proceeded to study medicine at the University of Adelaide between 1922 and 1927. At the end of his first year he went on a university expedition to Central Australia. Hackett there met an Aboriginal woman with boomerang leg. After graduating he worked a year in a hospital in Adelaide. Between 1929 and 1930 Hackett studied at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. He became lifelong friends with another South Australian working there, Neil Hamilton-Fairley. Hackett then worked for the Colonial Service in Shanghai in 1932 but had to return to Adelaide because of his bad health. In 1933 Hackett joined Norman Tindale on an expedition to the Mann and Musgrave Ranges to study the Pitjantjatjara people. This involved spending two months on camels following tribal groups. Hackett later wrote “The experience of living among the hunter-gatherer Pitjantjatjara in conditions where they were the majority and privileged and we were the minority and under privileged, made a lasting impression on me. We were attracted to these cheerful good-natured folk who were so well adapted to their tough environment…..Their detailed knowledge of their country, their skills and intelligence soon gained our respect.”〔Adelaide University Graduates Union Monthly Newsletter, December 1978, pages 15-16〕 His journals of this and other expeditions are now in South Australian Museum in Adelaide. After encountering another person suffering from boomerang leg Hackett was determined to find out the cause of the deformation. He received a grant from Adelaide University and managed to determine that boomerang leg was not caused by yaws, as had been suspected, rather it was a non-venereal treponomal infection. For his discovery he was awarded a Doctor of Medicine. In 1937 Hackett once more went to England, where he worked in the Anatomy department of Cambridge University. He then received a Senior Research Fellowship from the British Medical Research Council Fellowship. With the fellowship Hackett went to Uganda, where he researched the occurrence of yaws and syphilis. On his return he married Bessie Beattie Shaw (born South Africa 10 November 1912.) Neil Hamilton-Fairley and his wife Mary were their witnesses. Cecil and Beattie went on to have two sons and remained married until his death. In 1940 his research was finished and Hackett received a doctorate. However, his main research on the topic ''Bone lesions of yaws in Uganda'' would be published much later, in 1951. With the start of World War II Hackett joined the RAF, serving in Sierra Leone, Egypt, India and Burma and mainly being concerned with the prevention of malaria. After the war had ended Hackett returned to England where he became director of the Wellcome Museum of Medical Science in London. In 1954 Hackett joined the World Health Organization in Geneva, Switzerland to become Medical Officer in the Venereal Diseases and Treponematoses Section. During the following ten years he helped organise yaws eradication programs in many countries in Africa, Asia and South America.〔BMJ, Obituaries, Volume 311 page 682〕 The success of these campaigns in reducing the global prevalence of yaws and other endemic treponematoses by 95% was credited as one of the greatest public health achievements in the history of WHO.〔WHO Yaws Fact Sheet no 316 Updated February 2014 (http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs316/en)〕 He retired in 1965 and returned to London where he continued his research on diverse topics. One of these was to determine whether the historical spread of disease could be charted by examining the bone lesions of dated human remains. This work was published in 1976. It has been used frequently to suggest that syphilis entered Europe long before Columbus.〔 Hackett died of Alzheimers disease in London in April 1995.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Cecil Hackett」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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